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英語考試解答單項填空題的9種方法
1. 還原法
還原題干中顛倒的語序，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)明朗，從而作出正確選擇。
As a student, every minute should be made full use _____ hard at our lessons.
A. of working B. of to work C. of work D. of being worked
解析：把題干還原為主動結(jié)構(gòu)：As a student, we should make full use of every minute to work hard at our lessons. 由此可見，動詞不定式 to work hard at our lessons 為目 to work hard at our lessons <的狀語。故最佳答案為 B。
Ｉhave always been honest and direct, and it doesn’t matter ______ I’m talking to. And sometimes they misunderstand me, so I may need to change.
A. who is it B. who it is C. it is who D. it is whom
解析：題干 matter 之后為賓語從句，而且含有強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)。把賓語從句還原：SPAN>I’m talking to whom, 然后再對 whom 進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)，Whom is it that I’m talking to，再變?yōu)殛愂稣Z序，即為答案 D。
2. 補(bǔ)全法
根據(jù)題意，把題干中省略的部分補(bǔ)充上，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)完整、語境清楚，從而正確把握命題人的意圖。
Last Sunday we failed to go to see the movie Hero _______ because the tickets had been sold out
.A. as planned B. as planning C. as to be planned D. as being planed
解析：狀語從句通常可省略，保留“連詞 + 分詞”。分詞as planned = as it had been planned = as we had planned，故最佳答案為 A。
—You look upset. What are you worried about?
—_________ he can return the book to me in time.
A. That B. Whether C. When D. Where
解析：答語為 about 所帶的賓語從句，完整的句子為：I‘m worried about whether he can return the book to me in time. 顯然答案為 B。
3. 簡化法
把題干中的插入語部分去掉，使句子結(jié)構(gòu)簡練，解題也就更容易了。
It is the ability to do the job _______matters not where you come from or what you are. (全國卷)
A. one B. that C. what D. it
解析：去掉題干中的 not where you come from or what you are，題干即為是一個簡單句： not where you The ability to do the job matters. 把主語 The ability 放在強(qiáng)調(diào)結(jié)構(gòu)中，即變?yōu)轭}干。顯然最佳答案為 B。
When he grew up, mother gave him a gold ring. And he was supposed to give it to ______ he thought he loved most.
A. whoever B. whomever C. any girl D. anyone who
解析：去掉題干中插入語 he thought, 可知從空白處起為名詞性從句，作 to 的賓語。因 loved 缺少賓語，選 whomever，相當(dāng)于 anyone whom，故最佳答案為 B。
4. 逆向思維法
解題時要注意克服思維定勢的影響。換另一個角度思考問題，才能突破固定的思維模式，找到答案。
The cave _____ dark, they hade to made some candles ______ light.
A. was; given B. was; being given C. being; to give D. being; given
解析：由于兩個分句之間為逗號，第 1 空不能填 was，而應(yīng)填 being，構(gòu)成了“名詞 + 現(xiàn)在分詞”的獨立結(jié)構(gòu)；第 2 空不是 make sb do sth 結(jié)構(gòu)，而填 to give，為動詞不定式作目的狀語。故最佳答案為 C。
—Which do you enjoy _____ your weekend, fishing or hiking?—I prefer fishing.
A. spending B. to spend C. being spent D spent
解析：enjoy doing 為考生所熟悉的句型，而題干中 enjoy 的賓語是疑問詞 Which，因此需用動詞不定式 to spend 作目的狀語。故最佳答案，因此需用動詞不定式 B。
5. 關(guān)鍵詞提示法
關(guān)鍵詞在解題時的作用不容忽視，它們往往是解題的重要線索。
I failed in the final examination last term and only then _____the importance of studies.
A. I realized B. I had realized C. had I realized D. did I realize
解析：關(guān)鍵詞 only then 位于第 2 個分句之首，因此需用倒裝句。故最佳答案為 D。
Stand on the top of the hill, ___________ you’ll have a clear picture of the park.
A. or B. while C. but D. and
解析：句首的祈使句和第 2 個分句中的you’ll是關(guān)鍵詞，暗示本題的題干為“祈使句 + and / or + 一般將來時的并列句”一般將來時的并列句。因前后句之間為因果關(guān)系，故最佳答案為 D。
6. 語境突破法
通過閱讀題干的對話部分，即可準(zhǔn)確把握交際語境，快速解題。
—I think you should phone Jenny and say sorry to her.
—_______. It was her fault. (全國卷)
A. No way B. Not possible C. No chance D. Not at all
解析：根據(jù)語境，說話人堅決不同意向 Jenny 道歉，因為是 Jenny 有過錯。因此判斷答語應(yīng)為 No way，意為“別想，沒門”“。最佳答案為 A。
7. 一致法
在英語中，謂語動詞要與主語一致，而且有些英語句型要求前后對稱。因此，注意一致性是幫你準(zhǔn)確解題的思路之一。
Fishing is his favorite hobby, and _________. (上海卷)
A. he’d like to collect coins as well B. he feels like collecting coins, tooC. to collect coins is also his hobby D. collecting coins also gives him great pleasure
解析：所給的幾個選項意義上都符合題意。因題干中的第 1 個分句 為動名詞作主語，因此只能選 D 與之保持一致。最佳答案為 D。
8. 比較法通過對比和分析所給的 4 個選項，選出最適合所給語境的答案。
In the museum visitors ______ not to touch the exhibits while visiting.
A. will request B. request C. are requesting D. are requested
解析：比較發(fā)現(xiàn)，選項 D 合乎題意。題干為 request sb to do sth 句型的被動結(jié)構(gòu)，還原為主動結(jié)構(gòu)為： They request visitors not to touch the exhibits. 故最佳答案為 D。
I really appreciate _______ to relax for some time on this nice island, free from work and worry.
A. to have had time B. having time C. to have time D. to having time
解析：appreciate 后接動名詞，通過比較，先排除appreciat A、C；再比較選項B 和 D，發(fā)現(xiàn) D 項中的 to 多余。故最佳答案為 B。
9. 排除法在比較幾個選項時，可以先排除明顯錯誤的選項，進(jìn)而逐漸排除其他錯誤項，找到最佳答案。
Before the operation, the doctor had to talk to the patient in order to remove her fear ______ she might die during the operation.
A. when B. that C. which D. so that
解析：從兩個分句之間的關(guān)系判斷，沒有因果關(guān)系，可先排除so that；由于第 2 個分句中不缺少句子成分，又可排除選項 A 和 C，故只有 B 為最佳答案。fear 之后的that引導(dǎo)同位語從句，對 fear 的內(nèi)容進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充和說明。
fear In today’s competitive world you will have to work hard and keep trying if you ________.
A. have survived B. are to survive C. would survive D. will survive
解析：主句為一般將來時，在 if 引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中不可能用一般將來時或過去將來時，可先排除 C 和 D；從句中不含完成的意味，選項和 A也被排除。be to 在條件狀語從句中可表示“想要”之意(= intend to)，故最佳答案為 B。
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