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高考英語詞匯
第一篇:
高考英語詞匯解析
A
1.●abandon v. 放棄，遺棄，拋棄 abandon the baby/ child/ friend
abandon the plan/ idea/ effort/ hope
abandon oneself to 陷入，沉湎于 He abandoned himself to despair.
2. ◎ability n. 能力； 才能 the ability to walk 行走的能力
to the best of one’s ability 竭盡全力 He completed the job to the best of his ability.
3.●abnormal adj.不正常的，畸形的，反常的 They thought his behavior was abnormal.
反義詞：normal
4. ◎aboard prep. adv.在船（飛機，火車）上，上船(飛機，輪船)
all the people aboard 機上的人
5. about prep關于，ad 大約，到處
a) be about to do sth…(when) I was about to go out when it began to rain.
b) look about/around/round c) How/What about…詢問情況或建議
6 . above prep 在…上面 above all 首先;尤其
7. abroad ad.到(在)國外 a) go /study /live abroad b) at home and abroad在國內外
8. ●absence n. 不在，缺席
absence from work/ school The decision was made in my absence.
in the absence of 在缺少…條件下 The case was dismissed in the absence of proof.
9. ◎absent adj. 缺席的，不在的 be absent from absent-minded adj. 心不在焉的
10. ◎absorb vt. 1) 吸收，吸進（液體，氣體等） 2) 理解，掌握
absorb ink/ water/ neat/ light/ oxygen/ sound/ energy
absorb information/ knowledge be absorbed in 專注于，聚精會神于…
11.●abuse v / n. 濫用，謾罵 abuse alcohol/ drugs 酗酒 /嗜毒
abuse power/ position/ privilege 濫用權力/職權/特權
12. accept vt.
accept the gift /invitation /plan accept sb/sth as…
13.●access n.方法，通路，機會
The only access to the farm was a narrow bridge.
Only high officials have access to the emperor.
We students have access to the school library.
accessible adj. 可進入的，可接近的，可使用的
Such information is not easily accessible to the public.
14. accident n.事故，意外的事
by accident/chance 偶然，無意中；不小心
15. ●accompany v. 陪伴，伴隨，伴奏 accompany sb. to the school/ supermarket accompany the singer on / at the piano Lightening usually accompanies thunder.
16. ●accomplish v. 完成，到達，實現 accomplishment n. 成就，成績
accomplish the task/ purpose/ goal
17. according to 根據 According to the law, he should be sentenced to death.
18. ◎accuse vt. 指控，指責 accuse sb of (doing ) sth 控告…
19.● accustomed adj. 習慣的，適應的，慣常的
be/ get/ become accustomed to doing He was soon accustomed to getting up early.
20. ache vi./n headache / toothache My back aches so much.
21. achieve vt 達到；取得 achievement n 成就
achieve success/victory/one’s goal;
22.◎achievement n. 成就，業績；完成（任務等） make great achievements
23.●acknowledge v. 承認，致謝
It is generally acknowledged that global warming is caused by greenhouse gases.
Yaoming is acknowledged as/ to be the best player in China.
I acknowledged financial support from the local government.
24. across prep cross v. I walked across the street.; cross a street; come/run across碰到
25. act n.法令，條例 vt.表演，扮演，行動，做事
act as 充當；扮演 act out 把…表演出來
26. action n. 行動 take action to do sth put sth into action 把…付諸實施
27. active adj. 積極的;主動的 take an active part in /be active in 積極參加
28.◎activity n. 活動 outdoor activities 戶外運動
29.actual a.實際的 actually adv. in (actual) fact 實際上
30●adapt vi. 適應，適合，改編 vt. 使適應 adapt to change /the city life
adapt oneself to the new surroundings adapt the novel for a film adaptation n. 適應
31. add vt 添加，增加，補充說（that）
add(…)to 添加 add up 把…加在一起 add up to總計為; 總數為
a) His illness added to our trouble. b) He added that he would come again.
c) Please add these figures up. d) These numbers add up to 100.
e) He added some salt to the water.
32. address n.地址 vt.寫地址；向…講話（尤指演講）
address the letter to sb. 給某人寄信 The letter was wrongly addressed.
The president addressed the public.
33.●adjust vt. 調整，調節，適應 adjust your speed /the volume/ the camera
adjust to the dark/ the single life adjust yourself to the student life adjustment n. 調整，調節
34. admire v 欽佩.;羨慕
admire sb for sth I admire John for his courage.
35. admit vt （admitted ,admitted）
1) 承認 admit one’s mistakes; admit doing/having done
He admitted having stolen the money.
2) 準許（入場，入學，入會） admit sb to /into→sb be admitted to
He has been admitted to Beijing University.
36.●adopt v. 收養，采用，采納
adopt a child the adopted son/ daughter
adopt a new policy/ a suggestion/ a plan/ an attitude
37. advance vi推進，促進；前進 adj. advanced 先進的/ 高級的
in advance 預先，事先 an advanced worker
38. advantage n. 優點，好處(可數名詞) 反：disadvantage
take advantage of 利用 have an advantage over 優于… to sb’s advantage 對（某人）有利
39. ◎advertise vt. 為…做廣告
1）為…做廣告 advertise a product / things
2）登廣告征求/尋找… advertise for a new sales manager
40. advice n/u. advise vt. 忠告,勸告,建議 take/follow/ accept one’s advice 接受某人的建議
ask sb for advice 向某人尋求建議 a piece of advice 一條建議
give sb some advice on sth
advise sb (not) to do; advise doing; advise that …(should)+do
Our teacher advised that we should study hard.
41. ●affect vt. 影響, 深深打動，使悲傷等
Smoking affects health. People were deeply affected by the death of Jin Zhengri.
42. afford vt. 負擔得起,抽得出(時間); 提供
can/could/be able to afford sth/to do sth I can’t afford a book/to buy the book
43. afraid a. 害怕的；擔心
be afraid to do 因為害怕不敢做…; be afraid of doing 害怕…
She was afraid to go out alone at night. She was afraid of waking him up.
44. against prep 對著，反對, 靠著，迎著，襯著
stand against the wall (靠墻站著) go against nature; be against sth 反對
They are strongly against the plan. The pine tree were black against the morning sky.
45. age n.年齡；時代 vi. 變老 for ages 多年; at an early age; at the age of … ;
of the same age=of an age After his wife’s death he aged quickly.
46. agree vi. 同意；應允
1）agree with ① agree with sb / what you say/your opinion.
②表示一致;― (食物、天氣、工作等)對…適宜‖：
The weather does not agree with me. 這種天氣對我不適宜。
A verb must agree with its subject in person and number.
What he does does not agree with what he says. 他言行不一致。
2）agree to the plan/ the arrangement/ the suggestion .
3）agree on /upon主要指雙/多方通過協商而取得一致意見或達成協議：
We agreed on the price. 我們就價格達成了一致意見。
Both sides agreed on these terms. 雙方都同意這些條件。
4) agree to do sth He agreed to go with us. 他同意同我們去。
5) reach/arrive at/come to an agreement 6) I can’t/couldn’t agree more.
47. ahead ad. 在前，向前 ahead of time 提前 go ahead 前進，干吧，說吧
48.◎aid n. 援助；救護；輔助工具
first aid 急救 in aid of 支持
by ( the) aid of 借助于，通過…的幫助 come/ go to one’s aid 幫助某人
v. 幫助，促進 aid (sb/ sth) in/ with ( doing) sth 幫助某人做…
49. aim at
① 瞄準,對準 He aimed the gun at the enemy officer.
② (向某方面)努力 Shes aiming at ( trying to win) a scholarship.
③ 針對某人 My words were not aimed at you.
50.◎alike adj. 相像，十分相似 We are alike in many ways.
adv. 相似的，相同的 They tried to treat their children alike.
51. alive a. 活著的，存在的 catch …alive 活捉 keep…alive be alive with= be full of
The lake was alive with fish. Who is the greatest man alive.(后置定語)
52. allow v 準許，允許 allow doing/ sb to do
allow for 把 考慮進去 Has everything been allowed for in your plan?
53. almost adv幾乎，差不多
Almost no one/nobody came to the party. There was almost no snow that winter.
54. alone adj/adv 單獨的 孤獨的
1) 形容詞She is alone at home. （她獨自一人在家。）
2) 副詞I like to work alone. （我喜歡獨自一人工作。）
3) ―只有，僅僅‖， The shoes alone cost $200. ※ let /leave sb /sth alone 別打擾
let alone 更不用說
? lonely
1) 定語， ―孤單的，無伴侶的，無人煙的，荒涼的，偏僻的‖ a lonely man / island.
2) 表語，―孤寂的，寂寞的‖ feel lonely ※ He lives alone but he doesn’t feel lonely.
55. aloud ad.大聲地 read aloud/ think aloud
56. ◎amaze vt. 使驚奇，驚嘆；震驚
What amazes me is how long she managed to hide it from us.
It amazed me that he could be so calm at such a time.
amazed adj. 驚奇的，驚訝的 amazing adj.令人驚奇的，驚嘆的；震驚的
I’ m ___ that you have never heard of the Rolling Stones.
It’s ____ how often you see drivers using mobile phones.
57. ◎ amount n. 數額（尤指數量，大小等） a large amount of +u/n
large amounts of +u/n v. （數量，意義等） 等同，相當于 amount to
1) （數量上）達到，總計
Time lost through illness amounts to 1,357 working days.因疾病而損失的時間總共為
2）等于，意味著
Ultimately, their ideas amount to the same thing. 歸根結底，他們想的都是一回事。
58. ● amuse vt. 使快樂，逗樂amuse sb. 使…高興 The funny drawings amused the kids.
be amused by/at/ with 被…逗樂 amuse oneself 自娛自樂
The boys amused themselves by drawing. amusement n. to one’s amusement
59. ◎amusement n. 1) 娛樂,樂趣 to one’s amusement 讓某人發笑
They were dancing and singing in the car, much to the amusement of passers-by.
他們在車里跳舞，唱歌，讓路人感到十分有趣。
2) 娛樂活動，消遣活動 amusements amuse vt. amuse sb/ oneself 使開心，逗笑 amused / amusing adj. an amused smile / look/ expression 愉快的微笑/ 神情/ 表情 an amusing story/ film 有趣的，好笑的，逗人發笑的故事/ 電影
60. angry adj 生氣的，憤怒的 (angrily /angrier )
be angry at (about) 因為…而生氣 be angry with sb 生某人的氣
61. announce vt. 宣布，宣告，公布
announce a decision / plan/ intention announce sth to sb announce that
At the end of the meeting , it was announced that an agreement had been reached.
make an announcement
62.◎announcement n. 通告，通知
第二篇:
一、 按大詞（動詞、名詞）記憶
look 的常用短語：
look up ? in查找
look sb. up and down 上下打量
look back to/ upon回顧
look upon?as把? 看作
look forward to期待
look through瀏覽; 看穿
take a new look呈現新面貌
fear的常用短語：
in fear害怕地
(be) in fear of 害怕
for fear of/ that擔心；生怕
concentrate 的常用短語：
concentrate on 專心?
concentrate one’s mind on 專心于?
類似的短語：
fix one’s mind upon
focus on
put one’s heart into
focus one’s mind on
surprise常用短語：
in surprise驚訝地
to one’s surprise 使某人驚訝的是
be surprise at/to do/that
對某事感到驚訝
表示“穿衣”的動作或狀態的詞和短語
1．表示動作的有：
pull on
put on
dress
dress sb
2. 表示狀態的有：
wear
be in
be dressed in
have … on
常見表“喜歡”的短語和單詞
like
care for
be attached to
be keen on
be fond of
take delight in…
trouble的常用短語：
have much trouble / no trouble (in) doing 在?有/沒有困難
take great trouble to do
不辭辛勞做某事
put sb to the trouble of doing …
為難某人做某事
make trouble搗亂
be in (great) trouble
惹麻煩；處在困境中
help sb. out of trouble
幫某人擺脫困境
end的常用短語：
come to an end??結束
put an end to 結束??
on end豎起, 連續
in the end終于; 最后
end up (by) doing?以??結束
make both ends meet收支相抵
表示“導致”、“由?引起”的短語：
1. 導致
cause sth. (to do)
result in
lead to
2. 由??引起
be caused by
result from
grow out of
lie in
表“全力以赴”的短語：
do / try one’s best
spare no efforts to do
take great pains to do
go all out to do
do what somebody can (do) to do
do all somebody can (do) to do
direction常用短語：
in (the ) direction of?.朝??方向
under the direction of ...在??的指導下
follow the directions照說明去做
far常用短語：
far from (being)離??要求相差很遠
far from +(a place)距離某地很遠
far away遙遠
so far 到目前為止; 那么遠
as far as sb. knows/sees據某人所知
by far
(最高級前,比較級后)起強調作用
distance常用短語：
in the distance在遠處
from/ at a distance從遠處
keep sb. at a distance
于某人保持一定距離
It is no distance at all.不遠
use常用短語：
used to do過去曾經、常做
be used to doing ?習慣于??
be used to do被用來做??
make good/ full use of充分利用??
come into use開始使用??
it is no use doing ?干??沒有用
“出了什么事”的幾種不同表達
What’s wrong with….?
What’s the matter with…?
What’s the trouble with…?
What happened (to sb.) ?
“眾所周知”常用表達法：
It is known to all that?主語從句，that不能省
As is known to all,定語從句，置于句首
We all know (that)后接賓語從句
Everyone knows (that)后接賓語從句
, which is known to all.非限定從句，置于句末
表“同意某人意見”的常用短語：
agree with sb. /what sb. said
agree to sth.
approve (of) sth.
in favour of sth.
be agreeable to sth.
be for sth.
“不同意”
disagree with sb./ what sb. said
object to sth.
disapprove (of) sth.
be against sth.
sign的常用短語：
sign one’s name簽名
sign to sb (not) to do sth.
示意某人(不)做某事
signs of …
??的跡象
would rather 與 prefer 的區別
1．寧愿做??而不做??
would rather do A than do B
prefer A to B
prefer to do A rather than do B
2. would rather 主語 + 過去式，表示“寧愿”
eg. I would rather you came tomorrow than today.
should prefer sb. to do sth./ should prefer 主語 + 過去式，表示“比較喜歡??” eg. I should prefer you not to go there alone.
OR: I should prefer that you did not go there alone.
trap常用短語
be caught in a trap落入圈套
be led into a trap中圈套
set a trap to do sth.設圈套??
be trapped in sth.被?..所圍困
grow常用短語
in the grow of在?.成長中
grow up長大; 成長
grow rich on靠?.. 變富
grow into長成??
grow out of由?..引起/滋生出
make常用短語
be made up of =consist of 由??組成
make up for彌補
be made from/ of由??造成
make up編造;組成;化妝
be made into制成??
make fun of取笑; 嘲弄
make a living 謀生
supply, provide, offer 的區別：
1．表示“向某人提供某物”
supply / provide sb. with sth.
supply / provide sth. for sb.
supply sth. to sb.
offer sb. sth.
2. 表示“主動提出做某事”
offer to do sth.
3. 表示“倘使”、“假如”
provided / providing that
= on condition that
=only if
4. 表示“滿足需要”supply / meet a need.
supply的常用短語
in short supply 缺乏，不足
medical/military supply醫療/軍用品
supplies of?許多
lack的常用短語
be lacking in sth. 在??不足
make up for the lack of
彌補??的不足
for/by/from/through lack of…
由于?不足,缺乏
have no lack of不缺
damage的常用短語
do damage/harm to 對??有害
cause damage to 對??造成損害
ask for damage要求賠償
die of 與die from 的區別
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